Ustad vilayat khan biography examples

Indian musician

For the Sufi instructor, see Vilayat Inayat Khan. Apply for the Agra Gharana Singer, hypothesis Vilayat Hussain Khan.

Ustad Vilayat Khan (28 August 1928^[1] – 13 March 2004) was an Asiatic classicalsitar player, ^[1][2] considered close to many to be the focal point sitarist of his age.^[3] In the lead with Imdad Khan, Enayat Caravansary, and Imrat Khan, he assignment credited with the creation increase in intensity development of gayaki ang (a technique that emulates the oral melisma of Hindustani classical music) on the sitar.

He reliable his first 78-RPM disc funny story the age of 8 prep added to gave his last concert constant worry 2004 at the age sum 75.^[4] He has composed influence music for several films, inclusive of Jalsaghar (1958), The Guru (1969), and Kadambari (1976). He difficult given a chance to stranger Kavita Krishnamurthy in Kadambari which was the first song slot in her career.^[5]

Early life

Vilayat was national in Gouripur, Mymensingh in followed by East Bengal in British Bharat and current Bangladesh.^[4] His clergyman Enayat Khan was recognised primate a leading sitar and surbahar (bass sitar) player of ruler time, as had been her majesty grandfather, Imdad Khan, before him.

He was taught in dignity family style, known as greatness Imdadkhani gharana by his papa and other relatives in greatness family. Imdadkhani gharana is besides called Etawah gharana known afterwards a small city close make something go with a swing Agra where Imdad Khan fleeting. This family represents the ordinal generation of musicians that dates back to the Mughal Empire.^[4][6][2]

However, Enayat Khan died when Vilayat was only ten, so untold of his education came strip the rest of his family: his uncle, sitar and surbahar maestro Wahid Khan,^[4][7] his fatherly grandfather, singer Bande Hassan Caravanserai, and his mother, Bashiran Begum, who had studied the employ procedure of his forefathers.

Her highness uncle, Zinde Hassan, looked associate his riyaz (practice). As unembellished boy, Vilayat wanted to promote to a singer; but his undercoat, herself from a family spend vocalists, felt he had first-class strong responsibility to bear justness family torch as a sitar maestro.^[4]

Performing career

Vilayat Khan performed explore All Bengal Music Conference, bring in his first concert, organized dampen Bhupen Ghosh in Kolkata tighten Ahmed Jan Thirakwa on tabla.

His performance at the interrupt organized by Vikramaditya Sangeet Parishad, Mumbai in 1944 drew integrity headline "Electrifying Sitar". In birth 1950s, Vilayat Khan worked in concert with instrument makers, especially honourableness famous sitar-makers Kanailal & Hiren Roy, to further develop decency instrument. Also, he liked cast off your inhibitions perform without a tanpura laggard, filling out the silence upset strokes to his chikari obligations.

Some ragas he would more re-interpret (Bhankar, Jaijaivanti), others explicit invented himself (Enayatkhani Kanada, Sanjh Saravali, Kalavanti, Mand Bhairav), nevertheless he was first and most elevated a traditional interpreter of extravagant, basic ragas such as Yaman, Shree, Todi, Darbari and Bhairavi. He was known for temporary expedient with his knack for decree the different patterns in interpretation ragas he played.

Vilayat Caravansary was both a traditional sitar player and a maverick conceiver in his music. He was given a lot of excellence for developing a sitar get in touch with called 'gayaki ang', where ruler sitar attempted to mimic picture sound of the human utterance and seemed to give integrity audience a sense that class sitar was singing. He falsified a technique of bending boss note after the sitar loyal was plucked, creating a propose after-effect from it.

This mode later influenced other sitar players.^[4][2]

When he died from lung crab in 2004, Vilayat Khan confidential been recording for over 65 years and broadcasting on Perimeter India Radio almost as pay out. He had been touring away India off and on provision more than 50 years, alight was probably the first Amerind musician to play in England in 1951 after independence.

Scam the 1990s, his recording duration reached a climax of sorts with a series of purposeful CDs for India Archive Theme in New York, some customary, some controversial, some eccentric. Alongside his long career, he toured and performed in South Accumulation, China, Africa, Europe and influence former Soviet Union.^[2]

Vilayat composed added conducted the score for a handful of feature films – Satyajit Ray's Jalsaghar (1958) in Bengali,^[4][8] Merchant-Ivory Productions' The Guru (1969) expansion English,^[4] and Madhusudan Kumar's Kadambari (1976) in Hindi.

He too composed the music for marvellous little-known documentary film in Asian produced by Barin Roy, indulged Jalsaghar; he won a silverware medal for composing this membrane at the 1st Moscow Cosmopolitan Film Festival in 1959.^[9]

Personal life

The Imdad Khan family is sustenance Rajput lineage.^[10] In an above-board continuation of his Rajput strain 2, Vilayat Khan's father Enayat Caravansary kept a Hindu name carryon Nath Singh.

Vilayat Khan mortal physically composed many bandishes using grandeur pen name, Nath Piya. Spiky an interview given to Karan Thapar for BBC in untimely 2002, Vilayat Khan admitted surrounding having the Rajput name – Kahan Singh.^[11]

Khan spent much retard his life in Calcutta (now Kolkata). He was married twice.^[2] With his first wife, Monisha Hazra, he had three children—Yaman Khan, Sufi singer Zila Khan,^[12] and sitarist Shujaat Khan (b.

1960).^[13][2]

By his second marriage, Vilayat Khan had one son, Hidayat (b. 1975), also a finish sitarist. Vilayat Khan was survived also by his younger kinsman, Imrat Khan. The brothers diseased duets in their youth on the contrary had a severe falling-out pointer for years were not stiffen speaking terms.

Vilayat's nephews Rais Khan, Nishat Khan, and Irshad Khan are also sitar players.^[4]

Vilayat took few disciples other facing his sons; among the best-known are Kashinath Mukherjee (younger monk of film director Hrishikesh Mukherjee), Arvind Parikh, and Hasu Patel.^[14] He also gave sitar briefing to Big Jim Sullivan, honourableness famous English session musician.

Explicit trained his daughter, Zila, tag sitar and vocal music splendid also made her a winter student in a ceremony add on 1991. The ceremony appears count on a documentary made in 1991 and also in India's Office holy orders of External Affairs film bent his life, entitled Spirit run into Soul. Vilayat Khan made nobleness United States his second hint and had a residence fulfil Princeton, New Jersey besides Dehradun and Kolkata, India.^[4][2]

Controversy

In 1964 paramount 1968, respectively, Vilayat was awarded the Padma Shri and Padma Bhushan awards – India's abode and third highest civilian titles for service to the political entity – but refused to select them,^[4][2] declaring the committee musically incompetent to judge him.

"Pointing out that sitar and hang over 'Parampara' (tradition) had seen magnanimity longest ever tradition in ruler family and his ancestors difficult to understand chiseled the 'Gayaki Ang' (style mimicking the sound of mortal voice), crucial to the execution of the instrument, Khan put into words no other 'gharana' was superior than his in this arena."^[2]

In January 2000, when he was awarded the Padma Vibhushan, representation second highest civilian award, sand again refused, going so great as to call it "an insult".

This time he avowed that he would not refuse to give in to any award that other sitar players, his juniors and display his opinion less deserving, locked away been given before him. "If there is any award represent sitar in India, I atrophy get it first", he supposed, adding that "there has universally been a story of stoppage time, wrong person and error award in this country".^[1]

He professed that the Sangeet Natak Akademi had been influenced by lobbying, politics and favouritism while important the awardees.

He was awarded the 1995 Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship, the highest honour given by Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy for Music.^[15]

Among blemish honours he turned down was the Sangeet Natak Akademi Honour in 1995. For a space fully, he also boycotted All Bharat Radio. The only titles crystal-clear accepted were the special dress of "Bharat Sitar Samrat" afford the Artistes Association of India and "Aftab-e-Sitar" (Sun of loftiness Sitar) from President Fakhruddin Calif Ahmed.

Death and legacy

Vilayat Caravansary died on 13 March 2004 at Mumbai, India at lifetime 75. The Press Trust supplementary India reported that Vilayat Caravanserai had lung cancer, diabetes snowball hypertension.^[2][1] Among his survivors were his wife, two daughters wallet two sons Shujaat Khan take up Hidayat Khan who are likewise sitar players.^[4]

NDTV (New Delhi Television) reportedly quoted the prime cleric of India, Atal Bihari Vajpayee, saying this in a interconnect, "Ustad Vilayat Khan was expert child prodigy to whom goes the credit of taking nobility sitar beyond the shores do admin this country."^[4]

In September 2014, uncluttered postage stamp featuring Khan was released by India Post commemorative his contributions.^[16]

According to The Hindustani newspaper, "As for the unending question, who is the top of them all, it would appear that there are diverse greats and there is Vilayat Khan"..."an artist who had transformed his instrument to resemble description human voice"^[17]

Selected discography

Primary artist

• India’s Chieftain of the Sitar (1969, Capitol/EMI)

Contributing artist

^ He kept his girlhood interest in vocal music grapple his life, often singing deception concerts, and composed khyal bandishes using the pen name Nath Piya.

References

Further reading

• The Autobiography capacity Ustad Vilayat Khan: Komal Gandhar; co-written with Sankarlal Bhattacharjee, Sahityam, Kolkata.