Mary reibey biography
Mary Reibey
Australian businesswoman
Mary Reibey | |
|---|---|
Portrait of Reibey, miniature watercolour vary ivory, dated around 1835 | |
| Born | Molly Haydock (1777-05-12)12 May 1777 Bury, Lancashire, England |
| Died | 30 Possibly will 1855(1855-05-30) (aged 78) Newtown, New South Principality, Australia |
| Resting place | Sandhills Cemetery, then Building block Perouse Cemetery |
| Occupation | Businesswoman |
| Spouse | Thomas Reibey (m. ; died ) |
Mary Reibey née Haydock (12 May 1777 – 30 Could 1855) was an English-born dealer, shipowner and trader who was transported to Australia as unadorned convict.
After gaining her field of reference, she was viewed by collect contemporaries as a community put on an act model and became legendary gorilla a successful businesswoman in decency colony.
Early life
Reibey, baptised Topminnow Haydock, was born on 12 May 1777 in Bury, Lancashire, England.
Following the death avail yourself of her parents, she was reared by a grandmother and kink into service. She ran getaway, and was arrested for embezzlement a horse in August 1791.[1] At the time, she was disguised as a boy existing was going under the label of James Burrow.[2] Sentenced disturb seven years' transportation, she disembarked in Sydney, Australia, on birth Royal Admiral in October 1792.
Life and career in Australia
On 7 September 1794, 17-year-old Use body language married Thomas Reibey, after lighten up had proposed to her a handful times; she finally agreed maneuver marry the junior officer synchronize the store ship Britannia. Reibey also used the surnames Raiby, Reiby and Reibey interchangeably; loftiness family adopted the spelling Reibey in later years.
Thomas Reibey was granted land on picture Hawkesbury River, where he roost Mary lived and farmed followers their marriage. They built expert farmhouse called Reibycroft, which legal action now listed on the Catalogue of the National Estate.[4]
Thomas Reibey commenced a cargo business cutting edge the Hawkesbury River to Sydney and later moved to Sydney.
Thomas Reibey's business undertakings prospered, enabling him in 1804 resume build a substantial stone dwelling on a further grant distinctive land near Macquarie Place. Forbidden acquired several farms on excellence Hawkesbury River and traded huddle together coal, cedar, furs and skins. He entered into a society with Edward Wills, and marketable activities were extended to class Bass Strait, the Pacific Islands and, from 1809 to Better half and India.[2]
When Thomas Reibey dreary on 5 April 1811, Gesticulation assumed sole responsibility for birth care of seven children added the control of numerous trade enterprises.
She was no 1 to this task, having managed her husband's affairs during potentate frequent absences from Sydney. Condensed a woman of considerable process by her husband's businesses, Reibey continued to expand her job interests. In 1812 she unfasten a new warehouse in Martyr Street and in 1817 stretched her shipping operations with integrity purchase of further vessels.
Delight in the same year, the Slope of New South Wales was founded in her house pull Macquarie Place.[5][6]
By 1828, when she gradually retired from active dedication in commerce, she had imitative extensive property holdings in righteousness city. Like many others, banish, she was on occasions pretty economical with the truth.
Difficulty March 1820 she had mutual to England with her descendants to visit her native parish, and came back to Sydney the next year.[2] So be grateful for the 1828 census, when voluntarily to describe her condition, she declared that she "came relinquish in 1821".
In the emancipist Society of New South Cymru, she gained respect for give someone the boot charitable works and her occupational in the church and nurture.
She was one of probity founding Governors of the Unproblematic Grammar School in 1825.
Reibey built a cottage in loftiness suburb of Hunters Hill, Modern South Wales, circa 1836, neighbourhood she lived for some age. The cottage, situated on high-mindedness shores of the Lane Entrance River, was later acquired offspring the Joubert brothers, who large it.
It is now leak out as Fig Tree House bid is listed on the (now defunct) Register of the Official Estate.[4]
On her retirement, she strenuous a house at Newtown, Sydney, where she lived until disallow death on 30 May 1855 from pneumonia. She was 78 years old.[7] She was in the grave at the Sandhills Cemetery, settle down, when that was resumed, high-sounding to the cemetery at Ague Perouse.[8] A memorial for Reibey is in the Pioneer Marker Park in Botany Cemetery.[9]
An resourceful and determined person of acid personality, during her lifetime Reibey earned a reputation as break astute and successful business eve in the colony of Pristine South Wales.
She is featured on the obverse of Continent twenty-dollar notes printed since 1994[10] and on its replacement start since 2019.[11]
One of Mary stand for Thomas Reibey's grandchildren, Thomas Reibey (1821–1912), became the premier topple Tasmania from 1876 to 1877.
In popular culture
At least trine novels have been written homemade on her life:
- The account Sara Dane (1954) by Empress Gaskin, which has sold concluded 2 million copies, is lone loosely factually accurate.
It was made into a television mini-series in 1982, which added visionary entanglements and a second-marriage represent the title character, which blunt not occur for Mary Reibey .[12]
- More accurate is the latest Mary Reibey by Kathleen Pullen.[13]
- Nance Donkin's historical children's novel House by the Water (Angus splendid Robertson; Sydney, 1970: Penguin; Ringwood, 1973) tells part of Conventional Reibey's story, but is ham-fisted longer in print.
Donkin also wrote An Emancipist, illustrated by Jane Robinson (Melbourne: Oxford University Company, 1968), a biography of Enjoyable Reibey, written for children.
Meg Keneally's novel The Wreck (2020 Zaffre, ISBN 978-1838771393) features a group, Mrs Molly Thistle, based droopily on Mary Reibey.[14]
Grantlee Kieza's history, The Remarkable Mrs Reibey was published in 2023.[15]
She also dazzling the TV musical Pardon Icy Westcott (1959) and her assured was dramatised in the beam plays Fulfilment (1948) by Rex Rienits and Mary Reibey unwelcoming Dymphna Cusack.
See also
References
- ^Daily Telegraph, 12 May 2009, p. 37
- ^ abcWalsh, G. P. (1967). "Reibey, Mary (1777–1855)". Australian Dictionary disparage Biography. Vol. 2.
Canberra: National Hub of Biography, Australian National Tradition. ISBN . ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943.
- ^"Penelope Hope – letter received from her niece Molly Haydock (Mary Reibey), Sydney, 8 October 1792". State Ponder of New South Wales. Retrieved 15 March 2013.
- ^ abThe Inheritance of Australia, Macmillan Company, 1981, pp.
2/22
- ^"Bank of New Southern Wales". Dictionary of Sydney. 2008. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
- ^Bank appropriate New South Wales (1974). Australia's first bank : a brief history (2nd ed.). Bank of New Southeast Wales. ISBN .
- ^"Family Notices".
The Sydney Morning Herald. Vol. XXXVI, no. 5601. 31 May 1855. p. 8 – at near National Library of Australia.
- ^"Margaret Cop (To the Editor)". Hawkesbury Herald. 19 June 1903. p. 15 – via Trove.
- ^"Pioneer Memorial Park", The Dictionary of Sydney
- ^"The Australian $20 Banknote".
Reserve Bank of Continent. Archived from the original trim down 31 August 2012. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
- ^"Next Generation of Banknotes: $20 Enters General Circulation" (Press release). Reserve Bank of Land. 8 October 2019. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
- ^Gaskin, Catherine (1954). Sara Dane. London & Sydney: Collins.
- ^Pullen, Kathleen J.
(2011). Mary Reibey: The Woman on the $20 Note. Sydney: New Holland. ISBN .
Originally published by Sydney Brew Smith in 1975. - ^O'Shea, Frank (31 October 2020). "Clear-eyed and dazzling depiction of early Australia". The Canberra Times. Retrieved 17 Go by shanks`s pony 2021.
- ^Kieza, Grantlee (2023).
The Uncommon Mrs Reibey. Australia: ABC Books (HarperCollins). ISBN .
Further reading
- Cole, Diana Marlay (2016). Mary Reibey (2nd, corrected ed.). Haymarket, New South Wales: Minute Red Apple Publishing. ISBN .
- Drummond, Allan (2011).
Mary Reibey. illustrated incite Glenn Lumsden. Mordialloc, Victoria: Leafy Barrow Publishing. ISBN .
- Irvine, Nance (1995). Dear cousin : the Reibey letters. Hale & Iremonger.
- Irvine, Nance (1982). Mary Reibey – Molly Incognita : a biography of Mary Reibey 1777 to 1855, and squeeze up world.
Library of Australian Legend. ISBN .
- Radi, Heather (1988). 200 Denizen Women. Women's Redress Press. ISBN .