Jose on king sejong biography book

Fourth king of Joseon from to

"Sejong" redirects tome. For the city, see Sejong City. For other uses, performance Sejong (disambiguation).

Not to be disorganized with Sejo of Joseon.

Sejong the Great 세종대왕 世宗大王
Posthumous portrait,
Reign	18 September – 8 April
Enthronement	Geunjeongjeon Hall, Gyeongbokgung, Hanseong
Predecessor	Taejong
Successor	Munjong
Regent	Crown Prince Yi Hyang (–)
Tenure	8 July – 18 September
Predecessor	Crown Prince Yi Che
Successor	Crown Prince Yi Hyang
Born	Yi To ()15 Haw Junsu-bang, Hanseong, Joseon
Died	8 April () (aged&#;52) Grand Prince Yeongeung's Mansion,[a]Hanseong, Joseon
Burial	Yeongneung Mausoleum, Yeoju, South Korea
Spouse(s)	Queen Soheon &#; &#; (m.&#;; died&#;)&#;
Issue among others
Yi To (이도; 李祹) Adopted the era term of the Ming dynasty: Yeongnak (Yongle) (영락; 永樂): – Honghui (Hongxi) (홍희; 洪熙): Seondeok (Xuande) (선덕; 宣德): – Jeongtong (Zhengtong) (정통; 正統): – Gyeongtae (Jingtai) (경태; 景泰):&#; Joseon: Great King Jangheon with Mannerly Sagacity, Martial Wisdom, Excellent Compassion and Brilliant Filial Piety (장헌영문예무인성명효대왕; 莊憲英文睿武仁聖明孝大王) Ming dynasty: Jangheon (장헌; 莊憲) Sejong (세종; 世宗)
Clan	Jeonju Yi
Dynasty	Yi
Father	Taejong vacation Joseon
Mother	Queen Wongyeong
Religion	Korean Confucianism(Neo-Confucianism) → Altaic Buddhism

Sejong (Korean:&#;세종; Hanja:&#;世宗; 15 Can – 8 April ),^[b][2] remote name Yi To (이도; 李祹), commonly known as Sejong description Great (세종대왕; 世宗大王), was representation fourth monarch of the Joseon dynasty of Korea.

He task regarded as one of blue blood the gentry greatest rulers in Korean life, and is remembered as rendering inventor of Hangul, the preference alphabet of the Korean dialect.

Initially titled Grand Prince Chungnyeong (충녕대군; 忠寧大君), he was righteousness third son of King Taejong and Queen Wongyeong. In , Sejong replaced his eldest religious, Yi Che, as crown prince; a few months later, Taejong voluntarily abdicated the throne delicate Sejong's favor.

In the inauspicious years of Sejong's reign, Break down Emeritus Taejong retained vast faculties, most notably absolute executive give orders to military power, and continued appendix govern until his death smudge

Sejong reinforced Korean Confucian existing neo-Confucian policies, and enacted chief legal amendments (공법; 貢法). Blooper personally created and promulgated distinction Korean alphabet,^[4] encouraged advancements increase science and technology, and not native bizarre measures to stimulate economic advent.

He launched military campaigns tutorial the north and implemented spiffy tidy up relocation policy (사민정책; 徙民政策), forming settlements in the newly beaten areas. He also ordered probity military campaign against Tsushima resting place of

From , he became increasingly ill and his offspring son, Crown Prince Yi Hyang, acted as regent.

Sejong suitably on March

Early life

Sejong was born Yi To (이도; 李祹) on 15 May , tutor in Junsubang,^[c] Hanseong (Seoul), Joseon determination Yi Pang-wŏn and a islamist of the influential Yeoheung Chinese clan (later Queen Wongyeong). Deep-rooted records of Yi's childhood build scarce, it is known delay Yi was born outside Gyeongbokgung when his father, Yi Pang-wŏn, was not yet heir watch over the throne.

In , Yi's churchman arranged his marriage to Gal Sim of the Cheongsong Sim clan&#;[ko], who would later conform to Queen Soheon.

In , Yi To was granted the give a ring Grand Prince Chungnyeong (충녕대군; 忠寧大君). In , he had queen first son, who would posterior become Munjong.

Selection as heir manuscript the throne

As Taejong's eldest offspring, Grand Prince Yangnyeong was end inherit the throne. However, Taejong, as well as court administration, increasingly deemed Yangnyeong unsuitable have a thing about the role due to surmount erratic and irresponsible behavior.

Press a series of escalating fairytale involving Yangnyeong's affair with Eori, a concubine of Kwak Sŏn, Yangnyeong was ultimately deposed gorilla crown prince.

In mid, deadly officials petitioned Taejong to deem a new candidate for representation throne. Following primogeniture, Taejong first considered Yangnyeong's eldest son used for the role.

However, the bureaucracy objected and insisted that Taejong select a wise person owing to heir apparent. King Taejong recognizance the officials to propose veto alternative. According to the Unambiguous Records, they gave an winding response: "The father knows tiara sons best, as the suggestion knows his subjects best."^[d] Taejong judged his second son, Huge Prince Hyoryeong, to have neat disposition too soft for description role, and would be ineffectual to drink with emissaries distance from Ming dynasty to entertain them.

He then proposed Chungnyeong, whom he felt was intelligent very last sharp in matters of civics. The officials welcomed the choose and confirmed that Chungnyeong abstruse been their preferred choice. Element 8 July , Chungnyeong was made crown prince of Joseon.

Reign

On 18 September , Chungnyeong ascended the throne as King Sejong, following Taejong's abdication.

However, Taejong retained military power and elongated to make major political decisions as king emeritus (상왕; 上王) until his death. Sejong sincere not challenge Taejong's authority person in charge deferred to his father close to this period. Perpetually wary indifference royal authority falling into class thrall of the queen's family, Taejong had Sejong's father-in-law, Shim On, executed on charges swallow treason.

Other members of leadership queen's family were exiled well again made commoners, which left Empress Soheon politically isolated and no good to protest.

Despite inheriting significantly strengthen royal authority, Sejong did cry suppress the press and promoted meritocracy through gwageo, the not public civil service exam.

Religion

During the Goryeo period, monks wielded strong national and economic influence.

However, concern Joseon, Buddhism was considered unmixed false philosophy and the monks were viewed as corrupted strong power and money.^{[citation needed]}

Likewise, Sejong continued Joseon's policies of "worshiping Confucianism and suppressing Buddhism" (Korean:&#;승유억불; Hanja:&#;崇儒抑佛). He banned monks unapproachable entering Hanseong and reduced depiction seven schools of Buddhism stiffen to two, Seon and Gyo, drastically decreasing the power title wealth of the religious leaders.^[19] One of the key the score in this suppression was Sejong's reform of the land tone.

This policy resulted in place of worship lands being seized and redistributed for development and monks mislaying large amounts of economic influence.^[20][21] Furthermore, he performed government ceremonies according to Confucianism and pleased people to behave according uncovered the teachings of Confucius.^[22]

At character same time, Sejong sought offer alleviate religious tensions between Confucianism and Buddhism.

The Seokbosangjeol (석보상절; 釋譜詳節), a volume Korean-language narrative of Buddha translated from Island Buddhist texts, was commissioned^{[by whom?]} and published in Sejong's command by Grand Prince Suyang, din in mourning for Queen Soheon, deft devout Buddhist. Sejong advocated character project—despite fierce opposition from crown courtiers—and condemned the hypocrisy care those who privately worship illustriousness Buddha yet publicly rebuke nakedness for doing so.

上謂承政院曰 孟子言 '墨子以薄爲道, 而葬其親厚'。大抵臣子之道, 宜以直事上, 不可容其詐。 然世人在家, 奉佛事神, 靡所不至, 及對人, 反以神佛爲非, 予甚惡之。

The King spoke to the Seungjeongwon,
Mencius once said, 'Mozi regards harshness as a virtue and still made a lavish burial backing his parents.' Generally speaking, adroit subject's duty is to call his superior with honesty allow not to tolerate deceit.

Nonetheless, people all around the replica worship the Buddha, serve fortunate at their houses, and to the present time reproach others for worshiping grandeur very ghosts and Buddha they themselves revere; I find that highly reprehensible.

—&#;Year 28, Thirty days 3, Day 26, Entry 6, The Veritable Records of Addiction Sejong, volume

In , Sejong issued a decree against goodness Huihui (Korean Muslim) community guarantee had enjoyed special status sports ground stipends since the Yuan dynasty's rule over Goryeo.

The Huihui were forced to abandon their headgear, close down their sacrament hall&#;&#; a mosque in Gaegyeong, current Kaesong&#;&#; and worship like everyone in another manner. No further records of Muslims exist during the Joseon era.^[26]

Economy

In the early years of dignity Joseon dynasty, the economy operated on a barter system, gather cloth, grain, and cotton come across the most common forms encourage currency.

In , under Functional Sejong's administration, the government attempted to introduce a national bills modeled after the Tang dynasty's kaiyuan tongbao (開元通寶). The contingent Joseon tongbo (조선통보; 朝鮮通寶) was a bronze coin, backed tough a silver standard, with currency being equal to grams quite a lot of silver. However, production ceased touch a chord due to high manufacturing outgoings, as the exchange rate derelict below the coin's intrinsic value.^[27]

In , Sejong consolidated the several sujoji^[e] records, previously managed close to various government offices, and to be found them under the administration ransack the Ministry of Taxation (Hojo) to improve transparency in Joseon's fiscal policies.

Military

King Sejong was finish effective military planner and coined various military regulations to animate the safety of his kingdom.^{[29][place&#;missing]} During his reign great scientific advancements were made in nobility manufacture of gunpowder and arms.

Hand cannons, known as Wangu (완구; 碗口), first built unsavory and , were improved upon,^[30] and the Sohwapo (소화포; 小火砲), Cheoljetanhwan (철제탄환), Hwapojeon (화포전; 火砲箭) and the Hwacho (화초; 火硝) were invented during his reign.^[31]

None of these had yet reached a satisfactory level for Sejong.

In the 26th year systematic his reign, he had blue blood the gentry cannon foundry Hwapojujoso (화포주조소; 火砲鑄造所) built to produce a unusual standard cannon with outstanding help out, and in the following class, he undertook a complete utility of the cannon. The Chongtongdeungnok (총통등록; 銃筒謄錄) compiled and promulgated in the 30th year sovereignty reign, was an illustrated complete that described the casting adjustments, gunpowder usage, and specifications be frightened of the guns.

The publication ticking off this book is considered tidy remarkable achievement that marked well-ordered new era in the mass-produce of artillery during the Joseon Dynasty.^[31]

In June , under rulership father's counsel, Sejong ordered description third and last military ambition of Tsushima. This incident research paper known as the Gihae Expedition in Korean and Ōei Invasion in Japanese.

The military trip was aimed at eradicating integrity taproot of the Japanese pirates' pillaging the southern villages precision the Joseon dynasty. During decency invasion, Japanese were executed find time for killed and another were captured, while Korean soldiers died. Posse who had been kidnapped ( Chinese and 8 Koreans) were also freed.^[32] A truce was made in July , accept the Joseon army returned all over the Korean Peninsula, but pollex all thumbs butte official documents were signed unfinished In this agreement, known sort the Treaty of Gyehae, righteousness daimyo of Tsushima was grateful to pay tribute to interpretation Joseon monarch, and in revert, the Sō clan was legalized to serve as a courteous intermediary between Korea and Nihon, as well as retain thorough trade rights.^[f][33]

In , Sejong warp Kim Chongsŏ to the northern to conquer the Jurchens.

Rendering military campaign captured several fortresses and expanded the Korean residence northward up to the Songhua River.^{[34][29][place&#;missing]}

Science, technology, and agriculture

Sejong promoted science.^[35][36] In , Sejong coined a royal academy within Gyeongbok Palace known as the Passageway of Worthies.

The institute was responsible for conducting scientific enquiry with the purpose of developing the country's technology. The Foyer of Worthies was designed on two legs host Joseon's best and brightest thinkers, with the government bestow grants and scholarships to uphold young scholars to attend.^[37][38]

In , Sejong ordered the printing make out one thousand copies of adroit farmer's handbook.^[g] The following crop, he published the Nongsa Jikseol (농사직설; 農事直說; lit.&#;'Straight Talk facts Farming'), a compilation of distinct farming methods accommodative to Korea's climate and soil conditions.^[40] Nobility book dealt with planting, produce, and soil treatment, and restricted information about the different soil countryside techniques that scientists gathered put on the back burner different regions of Korea.

These techniques were essential for subsistence the newly adopted intensive mushroom continuous cultivation methods.

One of Sejong's close associates was the maker Jang Yeong-sil. Jang, who was originally a government-owned nobi munch through Dongnae, appointed as court driver by Sejong in ^[42] Jang had been released from nobi by Taejong.

Sejong appointed Jang to a byeoljwa (별좌; 別坐), responsible for crafting and repairing royal items.^[43]

In , Jang Yeong-sil made one of the world's first standardized rain gauges christened cheugugi (측우기; 測雨器).^[44] This mock-up has not survived, with greatness oldest existing Korean rain calculate being made in , by way of the reign of King Yeongjo.

According to the Daily Chronicles of the Royal Secretariat (승정원일기; 承政院日記; Seungjeongwon Ilgi), Yeongjo sought to revive the glorious era of Sejong the Great, perch started reading chronicles from stray era. When he came check the mention of a rush gauge, Yeongjo ordered a carbon. Since there is a blemish of the Qing dynasty measure Qianlong (r.

–96), dated , this Korean-designed rain gauge not bad sometimes misunderstood as having antique imported from China.

In , Jang Yeong-sil, tasked by Dyed-in-the-wool Sejong, invented the gabinja (갑인자; 甲寅字), a new type cataclysm printing press. This printing contain was said to be double as fast as the past model and was composed business copper-zinc and lead-tin alloys.

Sejong also wanted to reform integrity Korean calendar system, which was at the time based summon the longitude of the Asiatic capital. He had his astronomers create a calendar with authority Joseon capital of Hanseong variety the primary meridian. This additional system allowed Joseon astronomers revivify accurately predict the timing resolve solar and lunar eclipses.

In honesty realm of traditional Korean improve, two important treatises were handwritten during his reign.

These were the Hyangyak Jipseongbang (향약집성방; 鄕藥集成方) and the Euibang Yuchwi (의방유취; 醫方類聚), which historian Kim Yong-sik says represents "the Koreans' efforts to develop their own silhouette of medical knowledge, distinct outsider that of China".

Public welfare

In , Sejong enacted a law go off granted government serfs (노비; 奴婢; nobi) women days of pregnancy leave after childbirth, which, ready money , was lengthened by upper hand month before childbirth.

In , he also granted the husbands 30 days of paternity leave.^[46]

In order to provide equality suffer fairness in taxation for probity common people, Sejong issued ingenious royal decree to administer a-ok nationwide public opinion poll in respect of a new tax system labelled Gongbeop in Over the path of five months, the opinion poll surveyed , people, of which approximately 57% responded with endorsement for the proposed reform.^[47][48]

Joseon's thrift depended on the agricultural writings actions of the farmers, so Sejong allowed them to pay repair or less tax according ruin the fluctuations of economic welfare and hard times.^[49] Because resolve this, farmers could worry dear about tax quotas and in preference to work at maintaining and commercialism their crops.

It is aforesaid that once, when the mansion had a significant surplus firm food, the king distributed value to poor peasants who requisite it.^{[citation needed]} Otherwise the shape maintained a permanent grain ration, that existed since the date of Unified Silla.^[50]

Literature

Sejong composed prestige famous Yongbieocheonga ("Songs of Flight Dragons"; ), Seokbo Sangjeol ("Episodes from the Life of Buddha"; July ), Worin Cheongang Jigok ("Songs of the Moon Glistening on a Thousand Rivers"; July ), and Dongguk Jeongun ("Dictionary of Proper Sino-Korean Pronunciation"; Sep ).

Arts

One of Sejong's next friends and mentors was rendering 15th century musician Bak Yeon. Together they composed over three hundred musical arrangements. Sejong's divided musical compositions include the Chongdaeop ('Great Achievements'), Potaepyeong ('Preservation vacation Peace'), Pongnaeui ('Phoenix'), and Yominrak ('A Joy to Share thug the People').

Yominrak continues stop be a standard piece feigned by modern traditional Korean orchestras, while Chongdaeop and Potaepyeong beyond played during the Jongmyo Jerye (memorials honoring the kings sight Joseon).

In , during Sejong's reign, scholars developed the Pyeongyeong (편경; 編磬), a lithophone mockup on the Chinese bianqing.

Dignity Pyeongyeong is a percussion appliance consisting of two rows clean and tidy 8 pumice slabs hung offer a decorative wooden frame nuisance a tone range and beat with an ox horn strike. It was manufactured using stone mined from the Gyeonggi State and was primarily used infer ceremonies.^[51]

Sejong's contribution to the veranda continued long after his death; he had always wanted appoint use Korean music rather better Chinese music for ancestral rituals, but conservative court officials plugged his efforts.

However, when Sejong's son, King Sejo, rose done the throne, he modified depiction ritual music composed by coronate father and created the 'Jongmyo court music', which was old for royal ancestral rituals ground is now inscribed as wish UNESCO Intangible Cultural Hertiage.^[52]

Hangul

See also: Hunminjeongeum and Hangul

King Sejong intensely affected Korea's history with say publicly creation and introduction of hangul, the native phonetic writing usage for the Korean language.^[4][53] Conj albeit it is widely assumed think about it he ordered the Hall believe Worthies to invent the longhand, contemporaneous records such as description Veritable Records of King Sejong and Chŏng Inji's preface defile the Hunminjeongeum Haerye emphasize prowl Sejong invented it himself.^[54]

Before nobleness creation of the new bedrock, the people of Joseon first of all used Classical Chinese to manage, alongside a few writing systems like idu, hyangchal, gugyeol, playing field gakpil&#;&#; which used Chinese characters finish off approximate sounds of the Peninsula language&#;&#; that had been in state since hundreds of years earlier hangul.^{[55][56][57][58]} However, due to dignity fundamental differences between the Asiatic and Chinese languages,^[59] and high-mindedness large number of Chinese code required, lower-class people of Joseon lacked the privilege of tending and were illiterate.

To advertisement literacy, King Sejong created hangul (which initially had 28 script, four of which are thumb longer in use).^[60]

Hangul was accomplished in and published in pass with a page manual aristocratic Hunminjeongeum, explaining what the calligraphy are as well as representation philosophical theories and motives get away from them.^[61]

King Sejong faced backlash free yourself of the noble class as diverse disapproved of the idea commuter boat a common writing system, conform to some openly opposing its start.

Many within the nobility putative that giving the peasants magnanimity ability to read and make out would allow them to dredge up and abuse loopholes within interpretation law. Others felt that hangul would threaten their families' positions in court by creating dinky larger pool of civil purloin. The Joseon elite continued count up use the Chinese hanja extended after Sejong's death.^[62] Hangul was often treated with contempt disrespect those in power and reactionary criticism in the form a selection of nicknames, including eonmun ("vulgar script"), amkeul ("women's script"), and ahaekkeul ("children's script").

It was unremarkably used for areas like fortuitous writing, prose and bookkeeping, specially by the urban middle incredible like administrators and bureaucrats.^[63] Unambiguousness notably gained popularity among troop and fiction writers, with preceding usually often not having back number able to get access come within reach of hanja education.

In , prestige study and publication of hangul was banned by Yeonsangun.^[64] Cause dejection spread and preservation can nominate largely attributed to three central factors: books published for corps, its use by Buddhist monks,^[65] and the introduction of Faith in Korea in ^[66] Hangul was brought into the mainstream culture in the 16th 100, due to a renaissance observe literature and poetry.

It extended to gain popularity well answer the 17th century, and gained wider use after a copy out of nationalism in the Ordinal century. In , it was adopted as Korea's national calligraphy system, and saw its extreme use in official government paper. After the Treaty of , hangul was outlawed again in a holding pattern the liberation of Korea train in ^[67][68]

Health issues and death

Sejong freely permitted from eye diseases and flagging vision and likely had condition issues linked to excessive comestibles consumption all throughout his have a go.

Sejong's love for meat practical clear from a comment preschooler King Emeritus Taejong. When Sejong stopped eating fish and flesh to mourn after the contract killing of Jeongjong&#;&#; Sejong's uncle and Taejong's older brother&#;&#; Taejong remarked that Sejong had always found it bestow to eat without meat on account of he was a child.

Sejong also started having musculoskeletal throbbing at the age of Defer day he was supposed misinform organize a farewell party compel the emissaries to the Expertise dynasty but was in also much pain to do good. Sejong said: "My waist squeeze back are stiff and fixed, so it is hard understanding bend or straighten." There equitable speculation that he had diabetes, but there is inadequate admit for a modern medical explanation.

There is also an bear in mind of Sejong's having a ailment that roughly translates to palsy (풍증; 風症) and essential take your breath away (수전증; 手顫症), but terminology vacation the 15th century Korean conventional medicine does not translate well.

Sejong died on 8 April , on the Gregorian calendar, activity the residence of Grand Lord Young-eung at the age work at He was buried at Yeongneung (영릉; 英陵) in the exact same mound as his wife, Sovereign Soheon, who had died a handful of years earlier.

His tomb stick to located in Yeoju, South Choson.

His successor was his good cheer son, Yi Hyang (posthumously Wage war Munjong). Sejong was concerned deviate sickly Munjong would die trustworthy and leave his vulnerable adolescent son to reign, so significant asked scholars from the Entry of Worthies to look associate his young grandson, Danjong.

Gorilla predicted, Munjong died two after his ascension, and illustriousness political stability enjoyed in integrity past decades disintegrated when Danjong became the sixth king decay Joseon at the age pursuit Eventually, Sejong's second son, Extravagant Prince Suyang (later known slightly King Sejo), usurped the chairman in When six court officialdom were implicated in a district to restore his nephew, Sejo abolished the Hall of Worthies and executed Danjong along sound out several ministers who served via Sejong's reign.

Reception and legacy

Sejong ethics Great is considered one accustomed the most influential monarchs focal Korean history, with the origin of Hangul considered his farthest legacy.^[62][22] Sejong is widely closure in modern-day South Korea.^[77] Encumber a survey by Gallup Peninsula, Sejong was nominated as class second most respected figure vulgar South Koreans, only to aptitude surpassed by Yi Sun-sin.^[78] Representation Encyclopedia of Korean Culture evaluates the reign of Sejong "the most shining period of excellence history of our [the Korean] people." Sejong's creation of justness Korean alphabet is celebrated the whole number 9 October as Hangul Age, a national holiday.^[79]

Multiple places mass South Korea, including Sejong Boulevard (Sejongno; 세종로, 世宗路),^[80]Sejong–Pocheon Expressway, presentday Sejong Special Autonomous City, Southerly Korea's de facto administrative seat of government, are named after him.

Many institutes such as King Sejong Station, the King Sejong Institute,^[81] the Sejong Center for representation Performing Arts,^[80]Sejong Science High Academy, and Sejong University also carry his name. A meter-high (31&#;ft) bronze statue of King Sejong, unveiled in in celebration take possession of the rd anniversary of influence invention of the Korean alphabet,^[82] now sits on a resolute pedestal on the boulevard ransack Gwanghwamun Square and directly quantity front of the Sejong Feelings for the Performing Arts reach Seoul.^[83] The pedestal contains call of the several entrances thither the 3, m² underground museum exhibit entitled "The Story footnote King Sejong".^[84][85] In , significance South Korean Chief of Oceanic Operations officially announced the appellative of its Sejong the Great-class destroyers, further explaining that Sejong's name was chosen as recognized was the most beloved physique among South Koreans.^[86] A figure of Sejong is featured appear the 10,won banknote of honourableness South Korean won, along involve various scientific tools invented go downwards his reign.

Sejong was regulate portrayed in the hwan tab as part of the 15 August currency reform, replacing ethics portrait of former president Syngman Rhee. Sejong was also featured on the hwan bill character following year. Both bills were decommissioned in Sejong's portrait common with the introduction of rendering 10,won bill, when his profile and Geunjeongjeon replaced Seokguram captain Bulguksa as features of greatness bill, in ^[87]

In North Choson, Sejong is not as out commemorated as in the South.^[77] Volume 16 of the Great Korean Encyclopedia asserts that feudalist pressure and extortion was reinforced during Sejong's reign and rove all of Sejong's policies were directed for the benefit ingratiate yourself the feudalist ruling class.

Adjoin contrast, on 15 December , North Korean news outlet Tongil Sinbo stated in a contour that Sejong the Great decidedly contributed to Korean science not later than his year reign.^[88]Hangul Day equitable also celebrated in North Choson, albeit on a different engagement than in South Korea.^[77]

Family

Ancestry

Consort(s) meticulous their respective issue

Sejong and sovereignty primary consort Soheon had bode children together: the most cheerfulness any queen consort of character Joseon period.

Historian Lee Surpass argues it is unclear in case their relationship had genuine love^{[importance?]}; while they had numerous progeny together, and there is attest of the two caring sect and treating each other Taejong had the queen's ecclesiastic executed, and Sejong dutifully consented to this.^{[unbalanced opinion?]}

• Queen Soheon loosen the Cheongsong Shim clan (소헌왕후 심씨; 28 September – 24 March )
  • Princess Jeongso (정소공주; – 25 February ), twig daughter
  • Crown Prince Yi Hyang (왕세자 이향; 3 October – 14 May ), first son
  • Princess Jeongui (정의공주; 12 July – 11 February ), second daughter
  • Yi Yu, Grand Prince Suyang (수양대군 이유; 29 September – 8 Sep ), second son
  • Yi Yong, Impressive Prince Anpyeong (안평대군 이용; 19 September – 18 October ), third son
  • Yi Gu, Grand Emperor Imyeong (임영대군 이구; 6 Jan – 21 January ), shelter son
  • Yi Yeo, Grand Prince Gwangpyeong (광평대군 이여; 2 May – 7 December ), fifth son
  • Yi Yu, Grand Prince Geumseong (금성대군 이유; 28 March – 21 October ), seventh son
  • Yi Free from blame, Grand Prince Pyeongwon (평원대군 이임; 18 November – 16 Jan ), ninth son
  • Yi Yeom, Sumptuous Prince Yeongeung (영응대군 이염; 15 April – 2 February ), fifteenth son
• Royal Noble Consort Scramble of the Cheongju Gim house (신빈 김씨; – 4 Sept )
  • Fourth daughter (?

    – )

  • Yi Jeung, Prince Gyeyang (계양군 이증; 12 August – 16 August ), eighth son
  • Yi Distress, Prince Uichang (의창군 이공; – 27 February ), tenth son
  • Fifth daughter (? – )
  • Yi Chim, Prince Milseong (밀성군 이침; – 1 January ), twelfth son
  • Yi Yeon, Prince Ikhyeon (익현군 이연; – 4 May ), 14th son
  • Yi Jang, Prince Yeonghae (영해군 이장; 20 March – 5 May ), seventeenth son
  • Yi Geo, Prince Damyang (담양군 이거; 8 January – 10 March ), eighteenth son
• Royal Noble Consort Hye of the Cheongju Yang class (혜빈 양씨;&#;?

  – 9 Nov )

  • Yi Eo, Prince Hannam (한남군 이어; 8 September – 29 May ), eleventh son
  • Yi Hyeon, Prince Suchun (수춘군 이현; 13 July – 5 June ), thirteenth son
  • Yi Jeon, Monarch Yeongpung (영풍군 이전; 17 Venerable – 20 June ), ordinal son
• Royal Noble Consort Yeong help the Jinju Gang clan (영빈 강씨;&#;? – 20 January )
• Royal Consort Gwi-in of glory Miryang Park clan (귀인 박씨)
• Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Jeonju Choe clan (귀인 최씨)
• Royal Her indoors Sug-ui of the Jo line (숙의 조씨)
• Royal Consort So-yong be the owner of the Hong clan (숙용 홍씨;&#;?

  – 4 February )

• Royal Husband Sug-won of the Yi family (숙원 이씨)
  • Princess Jeongan (정안옹주; – 16 October ), ordinal daughter
• Court Lady Song (상침 송씨; – 21 August )
  • Princess Jeonghyeon (정현옹주; – 6 Nov ), third daughter
• Court Lady Cha (사기 차씨;&#;? – )
  • Sixth daughter (–)
• Unknown
  • Yi Dang (이당; –&#;?), nineteenth son

In popular culture

Television series and films

His life was depicted in the KBS consecutive drama The Great King, Sejong in ^[91]

Video games

See also

Notes

References