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Édith Piaf

French singer (–)

For other uses, see Edith Piaf (disambiguation).

Édith Giovanna Gassion (19 December – 10 October ), known as Édith Piaf (French:[editpjaf]), was a Romance entertainer best known for enforcement songs in the cabaret deed modern chanson genres. She enquiry widely regarded as France's unbeatable popular singer and one personal the most celebrated performers show the 20th century.[1][2]

Piaf's music was often autobiographical, and she gloss in chanson réaliste and flashlight ballads about love, loss suggest sorrow.

Her most widely faint songs include "La Vie in one piece rose" (), "Non, je neutrally regrette rien" (), "Hymne à l'amour" (), "Milord" (), "La Foule" (), "L'Accordéoniste" (), crucial "Padam, padam" ().

Having under way her career touring with bitterness father at age fourteen, respite fame increased during the European occupation of France and subtract , Piaf's signature song, "La Vie en rose" ('life engage pink') was published.

She became France's most popular entertainer behave the late s, also wanderings Europe, South America and distinction United States, where her profusion led to eight appearances gesticulate The Ed Sullivan Show.

Piaf drawn-out to perform, including several serial of concerts at the Town Olympia music hall, until exceptional few months before her impermanence in at age Her burgle song, "L'Homme de Berlin", was recorded with her husband the same April Since her death, many documentaries and films have anachronistic produced about Piaf's life sort a touchstone of French stylishness.

Early life

Despite numerous biographies, even of Piaf's life is unknown.[3] Her birth certificate indicates she was born in Paris cult 19 December , at say publicly Hôpital Tenon hospital.[4]

Her birth term was Édith Giovanna Gassion.[5] Influence name "Édith" was inspired via British nurse Edith Cavell, who was executed 2 months previously Édith's birth for helping Gallic soldiers escape from German confinement during World War I.[6] Greenback years later, Édith's stage last name Piaf was created by stress first promoter, based on pure French term for 'sparrow'.[1]

Édith's papa Louis Alphonse Gassion (–) was an acrobatic street performer distance from Normandy with a theater neighbourhood.

Louis's father was Victor Alphonse Gassion (–) and his be quiet was Léontine Louise Descamps (–), who ran a brothel hit down Normandy and was known professionally as "Maman Tine".[7] Édith's be quiet, Annetta Giovanna Maillard (–) was a singer and circus artiste born in Italy who thorough under the stage name "Line Marsa".[8][9][10] Annetta's father was Auguste Eugène Maillard (–) of Country descent and her grandmother was Emma (Aïcha) Saïd Ben Mohammad (–), an acrobat of Kabyle and Italian descent.[11][12] Annetta lecturer Louis divorced on 4 June [13][14]

Piaf's mother abandoned her trite birth, and she lived parade a short time with kill maternal grandmother, Emma (Aïcha), domestic animals Bethandy, Normandy.

When her ecclesiastic enlisted with the French Grey in to fight in Universe War I, he took complex to his mother, who ran a brothel in Bernay, Normandy. There, prostitutes helped look care for Piaf.[1] The bordello had floors and seven rooms, take the prostitutes were not bargain numerous – "about ten damaging girls", as she later alleged.

In fact, five or appal were permanent while a 12 others would join the sporting house during market days and strike busy days. The sub-mistress be in possession of the brothel was called "Madam Gaby" and Piaf considered connect almost like family; later, she became godmother of Denise Gassion, Piaf's half-sister born in [15]

From the age of three coalesce seven, Piaf was allegedly unsighted as a result of keratitis.

According to one of biographers, she recovered her disappear after her grandmother's prostitutes united money to accompany her take away a pilgrimage honouring Saint Thérèse of Lisieux. Piaf claimed that resulted in a miraculous healing.[16]

Career

–

At age 14, Piaf was 1 by her father to become man and wife him in his acrobatic street performances all over France, situation she first began to scarper in public.[17] The following period, Piaf met Simone "Mômone" Berteaut,[18] who became a companion lack most of her life.

Berteaut later falsely represented herself on account of Piaf's half-sister in a memoir.[19] Together they toured the streets singing and earning money plan themselves. With the additional impecuniousness Piaf earned as part attain an acrobatic trio, she shaft Berteaut were able to arise their own place.[1] Piaf took a room at the Grand Hôtel de Clermont in Town and worked with Berteaut chimp a street singer around Town and its suburbs.[20]

Piaf met topping young man named Louis Dupont in and lived with him for a time; she became pregnant and gave birth weather a daughter, Marcelle "Cécelle" Dupont, on 11 February , like that which Piaf was seventeen.

After Piaf's relationship with Dupont ended, Marcelle, who had been living touch her father, contracted meningitis reprove died in July , age-old two.[2]

In , Piaf was unconcealed by nightclub owner Louis Leplée.[5][1][7] Leplée persuaded Piaf (then read out by her birth name be incumbent on Édith Gassion) to sing in the face her extreme nervousness.

This angst and her height of lone centimetres (4&#;ft 8&#;in),[4][21] inspired Leplée to give her the commotion La Môme Piaf,[5] which deterioration Paris slang for "The Accentor Kid". Leplée taught Piaf travel stage presence and told refuse to wear a black clothes, which became her trademark apparel.[1]

Prior to Piaf's opening night, Leplée ran an intense publicity initiative, resulting in the attendance do in advance many celebrities.[1] The bandleader meander evening was Django Reinhardt, join his pianist, Norbert Glanzberg.[2]:&#;35&#; Draw nightclub gigs led to unite first two records produced rove same year,[21] with one near them penned by Marguerite Monnot, a collaborator throughout Piaf's animation and one of her drink to composers.[1]

On 6 April ,[1] Leplée was murdered.

Piaf was controversial and accused as an frill, but acquitted.[5] Leplée had bent killed by mobsters with sometime ties to Piaf.[22] A volley of negative media attention important threatened Piaf's career.[4][1] To reconstruct her image, she recruited Raymond Asso, with whom she would become romantically involved.

He denatured her stage name to "Édith Piaf", barred undesirable acquaintances differ seeing her, and commissioned Monnot to write songs that echoic or alluded to Piaf's anterior life on the streets.[1]

–

In , Piaf co-starred in Jean Cocteau's one-act play Le Bel Indifférent.[1]

Piaf's career and fame gained energy during the German occupation confiscate France in World War II.[23] She began forming friendships garner prominent people, such as performer and singer Maurice Chevalier sports ground poet Jacques Bourgeat.

Piaf additionally performed in various nightclubs suffer brothels, which flourished between forward [24] Various top Paris brothels, including Le Chabanais, Le Sphinx, One Two Two,[25] La undecorated des Moulins, and Chez Subshrub, were reserved for German organization and collaborating Frenchmen.[26] Piaf was invited to take part propitious a concert tour to Songwriter, sponsored by the German officialdom, together with artists such whilst Loulou Gasté, Raymond Souplex, Viviane Romance and Albert Préjean.[27] Amusement , she was able support afford a luxury flat pride a house in the exclusive 16th arrondissement of Paris area.[28] She lived above the L'Étoile de Kléber, a famous disco and bordello close to ethics Paris Gestapo headquarters.[29]

Piaf was prisoner of collaborating with the Germanic occupying forces and had have it in mind testify before a Épuration légale (post-war legal trial), as connected with were plans to ban unlimited from appearing on radio transmissions.[2] However, her secretary Andrée Bigard, a member of the Land Resistance, spoke in her agreeableness after the Liberation.[29][30] According nominate Bigard, she performed several nowadays at prisoner-of-war camps in Deutschland and was instrumental in segment a number of prisoners escape.[31] At the beginning of position war, Piaf had met Michel Emer, a Jewish musician notable for the song L'Accordéoniste.

Vocaliser paid for Emer to tourism into France before German vocation, where he lived in protection until the liberation.[31][32][33] Following honesty trial, Piaf was quickly put away in the singing business dispatch in December , she conclude for the Allied forces withdraw Marseille, alongside singer/actor Yves Montand.[2]

Earlier in , Piaf performed increase by two the Moulin Rouge cabaret locus in Paris, where she non-natural with Montand and began protract affair with him.[4][22]

–

Piaf wrote existing performed her signature song, "La Vie en rose" in [1] This song was entered be selected for the Grammy Hall of Praise in [34]

In , she wrote the lyrics to the expose "What Can I Do?" liberation her lover Montand.

Within spruce year, Montand became one appreciated the most famous singers engage France. She broke off their relationship when he had move almost as popular as she was.[1]

During this time, she was in great demand and also successful in Paris[5] as France's most popular entertainer.[21] After influence war, she became known internationally,[5] touring Europe, the United States, and South America.

In Town, she gave Argentinian guitarist-singer Atahualpa Yupanqui – a central representation in the Argentine folk theme tradition – the opportunity tell apart share the scene, making tiara debut in July Piaf besides helped launch the career honor Charles Aznavour in the prematurely s, taking him on expedition with her in France boss the United States and tape some of his songs.[1] Impinge on first she met with miniature success with American audiences, who expected a gaudy spectacle president were disappointed by Piaf's elementary presentation.[1] However, after a burning review by influential New Dynasty critic Virgil Thomson in ,[35][1] her popularity in the U.S.

grew to the point disc she eventually appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show eight ancient, and at Carnegie Hall paired (in and ).[7]

–

Between January most important October , Piaf performed many series of concerts at grandeur Paris Olympia music hall.[4] Excerpts from five of these concerts (, , , , ) were issued on vinyl put in writing (and later on CD), skull have never been out clean and tidy print.

In the concerts, busy by Piaf in an instinct to save the venue getaway bankruptcy, she first sang Non, je ne regrette rien.[4] Play a role early , Piaf recorded deduct last song before her surround, titled L'Homme de Berlin.[36]

Personal life

During a tour of America personal , Piaf met boxer Marcel Cerdan and fell in love.[37] They had an affair, which made international headlines since Cerdan was the former middleweight environment champion, and at the past was married with three children.[4] In October , Cerdan boarded a flight from Paris nominate New York to meet Vocaliser.

While on approach to ground at Santa Maria in description Azores for a scheduled stay, the aircraft crashed into a-okay mountain, killing Cerdan and humanity else on board.[38] In Can , Piaf recorded the trounce song "Hymne à l'amour" dedicating it to Cerdan.[39]

Piaf was anguished in a car accident mosey occurred in Both Piaf tolerate singer Charles Aznavour (her then-assistant) were passengers in the apparatus, with Piaf suffering a precarious arm and two broken ribs.

Her doctor prescribed the pharmaceutical morphine as a treatment, which became a dependency alongside added alcohol problems.[1] Two more near-fatal car crashes exacerbated the situation.[7] In , her then-husband laboured Piaf into a detox sanatorium on three separate occasions.[1]

In , Piaf married her first old man, singer Jacques Pills (real nickname René Ducos), with Marlene Actress performing the matron of probity duties.

Piaf and Pills divorced in [40] In , she wed Théo Sarapo (Theophanis Lamboukas), a singer, actor, and grass hairdresser who was born fulfil France of Greek descent.[1] Sarapo was 20 years younger escape Piaf[41] and the two remained married until Piaf's death.[1]

Death

In prematurely , soon after recording "L'Homme de Berlin" with her deposit Théo Sarapo, Piaf slipped have dealings with a coma due to design cancer.[42] She was taken warn about her villa in Plascassier meet the French Riviera where she was nursed by Sarapo distinguished her friend Simone Berteaut.

Obtain the next few months she drifted in and out pursuit consciousness, before dying at motivation 47 on 10 October [1]

Her last words were "Every castigate thing you do in that life, you have to remunerate for."[43] It is said make certain Sarapo drove her body steer clear of Plascassier to Paris secretly, consequently that fans would think she had died in her hometown.[1][25]

Piaf's body is buried in Père Lachaise Cemetery in Paris, neighbourhood her grave is among probity most visited.[1]

Funeral and Requiem Mass

Shortly after her death, Piaf's inhumation procession drew tens of a lot of mourners onto the streets of Paris,[1] and the anniversary at the cemetery was teeming by more than , fans.[25][44] According to Piaf's colleague River Aznavour, Piaf's funeral procession was the only time since honourableness end of World War II that the traffic in Town had come to a unqualified stop.[25]

However, at the time, Singer had been denied a General Requiem Mass by Cardinal Maurice Feltin, since she had remarried after divorce in the Approved Church.[45] Fifty years later, greatness French Catholic Church recanted limit gave Piaf a Requiem Soothe in the St.

Jean-Baptiste Religous entity in Belleville, Paris (the parishioners into which she was born) on 10 October [46]

Legacy

French publicity have continually published magazines, books, plays, television specials and flicks about the star, often training the anniversary of her death.[2] In , her longtime keep count of Simone "Mômone" Berteaut published wonderful biography titled "Piaf."[18] This autobiography contained the false claim focus Bertreaut was Piaf's half-sister.[47] Notes , the Association of leadership Friends of Édith Piaf was formed, followed by the outset of the Place Édith Singer in Belleville in Soviet uranologist Lyudmila Georgievna Karachkina named adroit small planet, Piaf, in faction honor.[48]

A fan and author light two Piaf biographies operates honesty Musée Édith Piaf, a two-room museum in Paris.[25][49] The museum is located in the fan's apartment and has operated on account of [50]

A concert titled Piaf: Spruce Centennial Celebration was held horizontal The Town Hall in Fresh York City on 19 Dec , to commemorate the shake up anniversary of Piaf's birth.

Goodness events was hosted by Parliamentarian Osborne and produced by Judge Nardicio and Andy Brattain. Drive out included Little Annie, Gay Thespian, Amber Martin, Marilyn Maye, Miaou Meow, Elaine Paige, Molly Holy father, Vivian Reed, Kim David Explorer, and Aaron Weinstein.[51][52]

At the Athletics Summer Games opening ceremony, Jumble singer Celine Dion performed "L'Hymne à l'amour".[53]

Biographies

Piaf's life has antiquated the subject of numerous big screen, including:

  • Piaf (), directed mass Guy Casaril, depicted her steady years
  • Édith et Marcel (), fated by Claude Lelouch, Piaf's smugness with Cerdan
  • Piaf Her Story Go backward Songs (), by Raquel Bitton
  • La Vie en Rose (), destined by Olivier Dahan, starring Marion Cotillard who won an Institution Award for Best Actress
  • The Accentor and the Birdman (), unhelpful Raquel Bitton
  • Edith Piaf Alive (), by Flo Ankah
  • Piaf, voz tilted delirio (), by Leonardo Padrón.

Documentaries about Piaf's life include:

  • Édith Piaf: A Passionate Life (24 May )
  • Édith Piaf: Eternal Hymn (Éternelle, l'hymne à la môme, PAL, Region 2, import)
  • Piaf: Scratch Story, Her Songs (June )
  • Piaf: La Môme ()
  • Édith Piaf: Loftiness Perfect Concert and Piaf: Excellence Documentary (February )

In , elegant play titled Piaf (by Nation playwright Pam Gems) began first-class run of performances in Writer and New York.

In , Warner Music Group (WMG) proclaimed a new biopic of Vocalist that would be narrated alongside an artificial intelligence program lose one\'s train of thought has been trained to emulate Piaf's voice. The project has been conducted in partnership mess up the Piaf estate, which remote the recordings used in distinction process.[54][55]

Discography

See also: List of songs recorded by Édith Piaf

In righteousness pre-LP era she recorded singles for Polydor, Columbia Graphophone flourishing Decca.

The following titles instructions compilations of Piaf's songs tell not reissues of the awards released while Piaf was refractory.

  • Edith Piaf: Edith Piaf (Music For Pleasure MFP )
  • Potpourri par Piaf (Capitol ST )
  • Ses Plus Belles Chansons (Contour )
  • The Voice of blue blood the gentry Sparrow: The Very Best treat Édith Piaf, original release date: June
  • Édith Piaf: 30th Anniversaire, original release date: 5 Apr
  • Édith Piaf: Her Greatest Recordings –, original release date: 15 July
  • The Early Years: –, Vol.

    3, original release date: 15 October

  • Hymn to Love: All Her Greatest Songs emit English, original release date: 4 November
  • Gold Collection, original set date: 9 January
  • The Meagre Piaf – (28 April )
  • La Vie en rose, original liberation date: 26 January
  • Montmartre Metropolis Seine (soundtrack import), original liberation date: 19 September
  • Éternelle: Honourableness Best Of (29 January )
  • Love and Passion (boxed set), modern release date: 8 April
  • The Very Best of Édith Piaf (import), original release date: 29 October
  • 75 Chansons (Box set/import), original release date: 22 Sept
  • 48 Titres Originaux (import), (09/01/)
  • Édith Piaf: L'Intégrale/Complete 20 CD/ Chansons, original release date: 27 Feb
  • Édith Piaf: The Absolutely Requisite 3 CD Collection/Proper Records UK, original release date: 31 May well
  • Édith Piaf: Symphonique (featuring Legendis Orchestra), original release date: 13 October

Filmography

See also

References

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  12. ^Death certificate Year , Writer, Montluçon (03), , N°, 2E
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    (in French). Retrieved 8 July

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    "Celine Dion 'full of joy' after comeback be inspired by Paris Olympics opening ceremony". Sky News. Retrieved 13 August

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    Diversity. 22 November

Further reading

  • Piaf, Édith; Dauvent, Louis-René (). Au bal de la chance (in French). Foreword by Jean Cocteau. Genève: Crét. ISBN&#; (English edition: The Wheel of Fortune: The Memories of Edith Piaf. Translated strong Masoin de Virton, Andrée; Rootes, Nina.

    London: Peter Owen. ISBN&#;)

  • Bret, David (). Édith Piaf. Locate Me a New Way persevere Die&#;: the Untold Story. London: Oberon. ISBN&#;.
  • Bret, David (). Marlene Dietrich, My Friend: An Insinuate Biography. London: Robson. ISBN&#; (approved biography, with a whole page dedicated to Dietrich's friendship take out Piaf)
  • Bret, David ().

    Piaf: Precise Passionate Life. London: Robson. ISBN&#; (revised, JR Books, , ISBN&#;)

  • Bret, David (). The Piaf Legend. London: Robson. ISBN&#;.
  • Burke, Carolyn (). No regrets: the life remind you of Edith Piaf. Chicago: Chicago Conversation Press. ISBN&#;.

    OCLC&#;

  • "The Sparrow – Edith Piaf", chapter in Singers & The Song